🔭 Космические лучи #заметкиастронома #космос

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·Nov 3, 2024

Из космоса приходят к нам, кроме электромагнитного излучения, заряженные частицы. Это выяснилось ещё около 100 лет назад. Немецкий физик Гесс, поднимаясь в воздух на аэростата, обнаружил, что есть ионизирующее излучение. Причём степень ионизации растёт с высотой, а не падает, как это было бы, если бы это излучение шло с Земли.

То есть это излучение приходило из космоса. В двадцатых годах Роберт Милликен, американский физик, назвал его космическими лучами. Он изобрёл этот термин.

Термин не очень хороший, потому что мы под лучами понимаем обычно излучение, то есть электромагнитные волны. А здесь мы имеем именно частицы. Это в основном протоны, это тяжёлые ядра, обломки ядер, альфа-частицы, то есть довольно тяжёлая заряженная частица.

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🔭 Космические лучи #заметкиастронома #космос

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