Safari Live - Day 364 | National Geographic

This program features live coverage of an African safari and may include animal kills and carcasses. Viewer discretion is advised.

Good afternoon everybody! I hope that you are all well. Like seven, I am. I'm Trishala and of course, like I said, I am on camera. We are coming to you from Juma Private Game Reserve on the western fringes of the Kruger National Park in South Africa. So we are out on your very own live afternoon safari on this wonderful Sunday.

Remember that we are interactive, so use that hashtag #SafariLive to communicate any of your questions and comments to us, or of course, the YouTube chat stream. Now, I am going to be up in the North at least starting there and have a look around the perfect dam area. We've got Tristan and Steve out as well and we're going to be looking for some spotted cats.

Now earlier in the day, we had a one-niner nest that was around the property and she moved west into some Bambi Lee. So that's a bit unfortunate, but it doesn't hurt to check those areas. She might just come back, or there might be other proud members that are still around. So it doesn't hurt to just check those things out which is what we're all wanting to do today.

We're gonna try and work together to find us some spotted cats, especially since it's been a while since I have seen or been with a leopard. When I say a while, a few days is a while as far as I'm sure you guys all know that. So I'm really hoping that we can see some tracks and any other signs of those spotty spotty animals. I hope that Tristan has gotten some good luck, you know that he is the leopard whisperer, so I really do think that we'll get some spots on today.

So let's go to him and find out how his search is going.

Tristan: Well luck as yet, but we do have tracked both the male and the female, if it's not together, moving it out another. We noticed in Ghana because we tracked him from pretty much where he was seen at the damn camp. He's busy moving sort of eastwards towards vultures Masala Road and in the female track crosses the mall and that goes more in a northeast direction towards before of dam.

So I'm trying to just head up towards the dam at the moment to try and see if maybe both these leopards have headed up there. It's the closest water and I don't think Tingana drank, so we're gonna try and give it a shot and just see what's happening now. Jamie is calling me on the radio as well.

Jamie: Okay Jamie, so there's lots happening, but I should introduce myself as well. My name is... this afternoon, this is a very warm welcome. Now, like I said I was talking to Jamie, so where we going to be checking? It seems Tingana crossed east over the Moratti, heading towards sort of vultures in this area. I mean tracks for this female leopard also crossed the Moratti and they go more towards Hyena Road.

Same conjunction, I'm just gonna be checking out towards Public Dam and if you want to maybe in case they turned a bit more south toward Spaghetti Junction chilling area. So we're just trying to coordinate where we're all going to be and so we're going to try and see if we can find one of these leopards, if not both.

Then hopefully, we'll also try and see if we can find some lions that we have seen at the gates this morning by Lauren on her way out. The problem was that I went to some mobility side, but the guy saw me there were only two lions on their sides. So I wonder if maybe the rest of the pride is not still on our side somewhere. So I think Jamie is gonna go and scratch in that area and see if she can get lucky with that.

In the meantime, we're going to try and see if we can find Tingana or whoever this female is. It seems like a... you know... parent outside, and we had Blue also crossing south.

Megan: Funny to tell you, well good afternoon, good morning, good evening everybody! Sorry for just losing Tristan there. We are in the middle of nowhere and signal sometimes can be a problem. My name is Steve, I'm joined by Craig on camera. Welcome to another Sunday afternoon with us live here in Juma Game Reserve.

Well, we are also looking for some content this afternoon although we're gonna focus a little bit more on the western side and then check our western boundary to see if there's any sign potentially of what was that of lions coming in. Because this morning one of our staff members on the way out the gate actually saw a lioness cross west from Juma into Sunburnt Valley.

So who knows? The weather is not that warm so it is always potential for these large predators to be moving when days are like this, but, who knows? There are tracks of leopards all over the place, as Tristan has told you. Tingana was seen under the damn camp. We were out tracking for quite some time this afternoon and as I went back to get relieved by Jaime who was coming out, we got a report from some of our lovely viewers that there was a leopard on the damn cat.

I'm not sure if anyone actually saw him but he disappeared and his tracks well... our making sure didn't work again. Don't worry, Justin's got it in him, no doubt he will be able to make head or tail of where the Duke of Juma has gone.

But we are on our western side and this is a road that I've often had a lot of luck with Hawker Moody. So just having one little effort there was a report I believe that he did come in this morning but it's really hard to say without being out myself and seeing the tracks. Jennifer, you want to know if we would definitely want to eat. Can you see it there? It's just an Impala, Craig.

Jennifer, you won't have seen ganja's eaten anything recently and Jennifer, I got back from leave the day before yesterday so I haven't even seen a leopard yet since I've been back. So unfortunately I can't tell you, but I have no doubt Tingana has been eating constantly, probably off the property judging by the number of sightings this week. I'm sure he's eaten many many times on Juma.

Craig, have you seen in Ghana this week? I'm sure he must have been—he doesn't go very long without eating—and that Impala just disappeared. If we try and snack one of those, but he's been following a female. So we had tracks this morning of a male, or should I say this afternoon, a new heart who's following a female.

There was some talk or speculation from Erickson, our game scout this morning that potentially was mating leopards by the tracks. We didn’t take a look but too many vehicles by that stage had been driving around so we didn't really get to see the same sort of evidence that was seen this morning.

And we know that in Ghana doesn't just follow females for mating; he also follows them to steal their food. Poor young males. It doesn't really matter. He'll steal anybody's food. So I have no doubt he has been snacking away. Leopards don't generally go for longer than a couple of days without eating and it's also the amounts of little things that they probably eat that we don’t see. The scrub, the hair, the Franklin's.

We just have a look at this little family of Impala over here, you guys in the area of Kumuda. I wonder if they know that if they can smell the difference between different leopards like leopards can? Why? Hyenas can! Hyenas can most certainly smell a leopard and know exactly who it is by the tracks and by the obviously the smell. Can different Impala can defer and share the difference between a different leopard or they just go danger? Alarm bells just go off? That's a very interesting thought, but that's also interesting to see where the Impalas are.

We're sort of up under the crest now. You can see that by the trees that are around is Impala. All the large leaves, bush willows, bush willow trees are losing their leaves. There's generally not too much food up here this time of year, so all the leaves start to fall off.

So it's very likely that the Impala probably just moving through this area, through the still fringe, and then heading down towards the right over there where there's probably a little bit more grazing and browsing for them. And Impala and the road is looking very interested at something Craig.

Oh, look at that! That sort of behavior is when Impalas are moving. They might see something and if it starts snorting, if we go we can go and investigate. But while we try to figure out what exactly is going on over here, we're gonna send you back up to the North around Bovis exempt with Shoshanna.

Shoshanna: I am doing much of the same, doing some investigation looking for tracks and I've seen some female leopard tracks and some lion tracks, but they both seem fairly old, so I do not follow up on them. In fact, they looked a couple days old.

Let's take the next one. So I'm almost at Buford Dam, so I'm looking forward to seeing what it is actually like because last few days I've been spending time in the south and in the West. So I haven't been up here to actually get a good look at what the water looks like, and I'm sure you guys have and it must be quite manky I would imagine.

And I'd love to see how Scooby and Snorkel Sarah doing now. The way that Steve was going about trying to figure out if Hookah Moody was around and making use of the animals around him to try and give him an idea of whether he thinks there's a predator around is an excellent, excellent way to do it because if you're out in here in the bush and you listen carefully and you watch carefully and even if you smell carefully, all that comes together and then eventually you find what you're looking for.

Okay, so coming up on the dam now, and it is not looking great, I must say. Are you guys wondering what is the most difficult animal to actually track? That's a tough one. Lots of animals are difficult to track because it's really about the skill and about whether you can. You know, it's so much about luck, skill, and timing. To make sure that you're there at the right place at the right time.

So it is a difficult thing. In fact, I'm gonna throw that question to you. Steve or Tristan because they would have tracked quite a lot of things in terms of what we have tracked so far.

We thinking of the big animals you know lions, leopards, and all of that. But I'm sure they have had many difficulties tracking some of the smaller things like porcupine or aardvark. No, we are... Chan, we have a one lapwing.

I know now our lovely hippos. Not sure, and I think that's a given because that water does not look hippo-appropriate, I must say. Definitely doesn't look like a love nest. Another little fellow down there.

IV, you say that's definitely more than a puddle. I am so inclined to agree with you, it is definitely more than a puddle. Let's get the binocs out. See the lapwing? I think I see some three-banded plover, but that's why I need to get the binocs out.

Yep, these are picking away. Well, you know I will often wonder how the presence or absence of these hippos is going to affect the ecosystem in this little particular area. Now, obviously for the birds, it doesn't mean too much trouble, let their god know about the presence that they were there in the first place, but for things living in the water, it may cause a change now that the hippos are not in there because hippo dung in water is a fine line.

James: You'd like to know if the Terrapins would move with the hippos? Or will we get two types of Terrapins? Yeah, we get the marsh Terrapin that is better suited to more stable sort of environments or stable watering or sort of things, something like this. And then you get the serrated hinge Terrapin who is more acquainted with the ephemeral player pans that are around. So I don't think they will move with the hippos.

In fact, whatever the hippos go, they're very likely to have Terrapins there anyway, so it's just the luck of the draw. Oh, we've gotta love these virtual starlings over here!

Now, we're talking about how the hippos will affect the water here at Buffalo Dam. Now, they can often -- the bacteria in the dung can often cause the... or too much of it can cause the water to become anoxic, that is, there's little to no oxygen. But in the same way, it can add nutrients that is from outside of the water into the water.

So all these things, it’d be cool to know exactly how it's changed in terms of water. Anyway, let me send you over to Steve and find out how his tracking is going on.

Steve: Thanks, Trisha. Well, the search so far has brought us to our southern boundary and we have decided to show you a wonderful bird seen, a girl Lapwing. Very cool bird, quite a common bird here in Juma, but I'd only seen it before in the northern Kruger, hadn’t seen it in many other places. So it's not the most common of the lapwings, although the other lapwings, the crowned being probably the most common, share a very similar habitat to the sky.

I was very excited when I came on my interview and I found one of these guys on the open area just by our camp. I got very excited and well, we pretty much find them every day now, so it's really interesting how territory or should I say habitat preference provides a space for individuals to sort of be in.

It's probably the case that the crowned lapwings are very aggressive and probably aren't compete with these guys, so that's why we don't find them as broadly spread as we do the crowned lapwing. But for the most part, they're very, very similar in all sorts of design and you can see their white belly and the grayish sort of plumage on the wings and the body.

But then that very nice front on the forehead there, that white front. Here we go, hello beautiful! One of the ground nesting birds. These individuals will actually nest just like that right there on the sand with the most camouflaged eggs you've ever seen! All of the lapwings have a very similar sort of design and their eggs are shaped in a way that don't allow them to roll away.

Okay, so you're all wondering why this one is not by the water like the blacksmith lapwing that Shoshanna has seen. Well, the blacksmith lapwing has a preference of water and along water edges and rivers and dams. Whereas the crown lapwing and the Senegal lapwing occur inland on short grassy areas just like this one.

That's not to say we won't find them near water, but their habitat preference is more for terrestrial sort of areas where you have lots of insects moving through. I'll see if I can find a nice picture of their eggs. Sometimes the eggs of these birds are actually in their photographs as well which is always very nice.

It's quite incredible. Once I found a nest of... actually, it was a white-fronted... what was it again? Anyway, it was one of the lapwings I forget now, but it was down by a river and I found the eggs. And then I went back to get the guests that were with me and it took me 45 minutes to find them again. Not the guests, that is, the eggs! That's because they look like little stones! They are beautifully camouflaged and they would just be there in the middle of the open.

And of course, my cell phone app is taking a very, very long to try and load, which is always frustrating, but anyway. Sometimes there are books on the way forward. Okay, it's coming up. Let's get into this Senegal lapwing! Here we go, hello!

Viewer: You won't know how many different types of lapwings are in Juma?

Steve: Okay, well that's not the most... Okay, this is actually a well... to see if this works. So, we've got the Senegal lapwing which is this one just... I'll show you the distribution; you can see the distribution of it. Sorry, let me try.

There we go. Just sort of goes along Kruger National Park all the way down through Swaziland down to the northern, oops, eastern parts of the country. Whereas the crown lapwing would probably be most of the country. So let me just slap across to the eggs. I'm sorry that I'm... there we go. There it is lying on an egg underneath the thing. That is an egg right under the belly; it is camouflaged as can be. You can't even see it there. Just set it baby!

It looks just like the substrates! And if you're walking along, you would be very hard-pressed to spot those. Okay, so in we've got the Senegal that we've got the crown lapwing here. We sometimes see the wattle lapwing and definitely the blacksmith; those four are quite common in Juma but there are a number of other species.

If I go to the bird page, which is also what's so nice about this... see, so we've got all of these guys here. IV, the top one on the right, the Senegal and the wattle – the crowned at the bottom. We don't have the black-winged... I thought that was there. And then there's another one. Oopsie, wrong way.

There we go. There's the blacksmith. So that blacksmith is at the top there on the right. Excuse me, up in the Maasai Mara, I will manage to show you this one many, many times. On the bottom left, the spur-winged lapwing, we don't find them here in Juma, and they only occur in very sort of... regarded as a rare vagrant in South Africa. I've seen them as far south as Malawi, apparently you get them in Zambia as well.

And this is the one here, the white-crowned lapwing. That's the one whose eggs are found on the Luvuvhu River in the northern Kruger, and they only occur in so many places in the Kruger National Park. Let me show you the distribution of this one.

Now have a look at how sporadic that distribution is. It's very, very limited. It doesn't take up as much space. And that's the Zambezi right up in the north of there running across at the North of Zimbabwe and Botswana. So it's a bird that lives on perennial water sources, which basically means rivers that are flowing all year round.

Okay, I hope that... I haven't seen one in northern Kruger and on the Luvuvhu River in South Africa and that's it. Very nice. Okay, so that is a nice little chat about lapwings and habitat preference is what it's all about. The blacksmith lapwing is around all water sources, the white-fronted... So why am I getting that name? Could confuse now; I'm losing my mind.

It happens. I can't blame it on the heat today. What crown lapwing? Perennial permanent water sources, the Senegal out and the ground. Nice open areas. It's just like kingfishers; some kingfishers are on the water, some are in the woodland. So it's all about how they've sort of speciated and often habitats with regards to feeding resources is how these birds differentiate themselves.

So when we talk about a bird's sort of living environment, we talk about the fundamental niche, which is all of the available space in the environment that an organism can live without competition. Now competition can either be from a different species or from the same species. So that competition is very, very important for where you'll find these animals.

For example, if you took away all the competition of a bird, you'd find them in a lot more places than they are. But add the competition and then they have to specialize. So then you get what we call the realized niche, which is the actual area in the landscape that an organism sort of occurs in and that's got to do with feeding preferences, habitat which includes food as well as breeding sites.

So without breeding sites, we've got one of the coolest birds in the world in the red. Craig: It is the African, the habitat preference of the hoopoe is woodland areas where they are cavities for nesting. You won't find these guys in grasslands unless they are some form of trees to sort of hide around and to breed in.

Then they need a certain food resource, and there are specialized feeders in their ability to probe. And he's gonna go off the road of course; often the hoopoe likes to spend a lot of time walking... there he goes, back Greg walking in the road. And you see that probing beak? Now they can just pluck insects off the floor, and they're also capable of pulling sort of worms and things out.

So Johannesburg itself has got lots of hoopoes just like it does lots of hard ibises. And that's because there are enormous lawn gardens with enormous forests. See, for example, ahead, as big as the largest man-made forest in the world, the habitat has been altered by human laugh. Stop. And so there's lots of lawn. And when there's lots of lawn with lots of green grass, you get lots of worms and insects in the lawn and there's trees everywhere for them to breed.

And so that's artificially made, but the hoopoe and the hardy diet do very well in Johannesburg and probably a couple of other cities in South Africa. Anyway, so these birds will choose preferences on how it suits them to survive and to breed. And obviously, there are areas that have been manipulated, and certain animals will take advantage over that versus others.

Example: house sparrows. Okay, all over South Africa where there are people. There we go, a very short and sweet end to that story. Okay, so as I said before, we are going to go and check our western boundary, see if there's any sign of lions coming back in from the west because it is TV show nights. And while we do that, let's go see Trish; Charlie is getting along.

Trish: Oh well, would you look at that? I wonder if you will stay! Will he go? He went. Always happens. Oh, you're still there, Mr. Dongo.

So I found a Drongo! I actually love to see them because when they fly about in their little bit of insect catching frenzy, it's quite entertaining, especially since you can't see the insect. So all you see is these acrobat kind of movements, aerial acrobatics, and very likely so.

They're just waiting to catch some insects that have emerged from the grass. The grass looks a little bit trampled. No wonder if that's why he's... yeah, something disturbed it!

Because what happens when big animals come through an area like this, and they disturb the grasses? That's what kicks up all the insects, and you'll find that these insects... Actually, sorry guys, I got really distracted because I realized what was happening here.

So I'm so sorry to swing you around, but we have some Mongoose just playing a little bit on this end just at the base of the tree. Come, guys! I can hear you!

Trish: What I was going to say about the insect is the amount of protein that they can offer animals that eat them, including ourselves. In fact, I saw that in Cape Town, they now make insect ice cream! High protein ice cream—hello you!

I could hear so much rustling in the background, and whenever we hear that kind of thing, it's usually always Impala that they're just walking on by. Hi! And that also says that we now get chocolate-covered crickets! Just the fact that it's got chocolate on it, I may give it a go.

Hello, you are just too sweet! There's been an influx of Duwop Mongoose at camp as well, and even behind our rooms! They seem to be all over the place! In fact, yesterday I had crackers that I had taken out just before the drive that I was about to eat, and a hornball, two hornballs, and about three Mongoose all sat around me!

Then eventually the Womble took a chance, and he took my cracker! Just one of the things we have to deal with, you know. You just have to deal with it! I'll chew in the bush. They seem to be scratching around.

I just saw some teeth scratching around, probably for the same reason that the Drongo is right, yeah! Because there's something in the grasses that have been disturbed that are now emerging and that they can get a hand on all over the place.

So this is what I love about being in the bush is that if you sit in one space long enough, things just... you start to see so much happening!

Ichigo: There's one guy, I'd like to swing and stay from left to right and left to right! Now there's another guy on the tree that the Drongo was on giving except they're getting a workout today! Can you see it?

He's so sweetly says, "It's okay!" So it really must be some sort of proliferation of some little insect going on here that all these guys are offering! You'll see them foraging together, often birds and Mongoose, especially the ones that are after insects.

Thank you! Don't be doing some grooming there. There are so many cars on the property today. I don't know if you can hear this one behind us that if we don't find a leopard, it is not because we didn't have every single turn of stone unturned!

But he's turned off, so I don't need to move, thankfully! Now these two are grooming themselves just a little bit.

Trish: Oh no! What about Mongoose-flavored ice cream? No, I don't think I'd be too keen on that, I must say! I think ice cream is one of my favorite foods, don’t. Hello you!

You'd enjoy some insect ice cream, wouldn’t you? This is their sort of final forage for the evening before they settle back in! They keep really good hours; they go to bed early and wake up late, which is ideal!

And they're very, very curious! It does have very wide eyes! Emesis looks like it is on a sugar high, too much ice cream for you! Look at this nose go, twitch, twitch, twitch, twitch!

Now I know that you know that lions and leopards have whiskers. Scénic, you'd like to know if Mongoose also groom? I have definitely seen them a lot grooming! They are doing it very often and quite constantly!

You'll see them groom each other, and then one grooms each other. It happens very often within a social group or society! In fact, in hyenas, it's a bit of an exception to that because they don't groom each other.

They'll only rarely groom their cubs and themselves, but that whole social unit having that brain, that's geared towards living in social groups means that you have to have other grooming in order to strengthen your relationships!

Little things like, apparently, pulling against hair and things like that can actually stimulate the hormones that are associated with relationships, and building long-term bonds.

So it's really, really interesting! That's something so small but just because of its unit and the way that it's needed to develop in order to be successful as a social animal has allowed it to do these things.

Now I was telling you about whiskers and how you always really associate whiskers with your cats or your dogs, but whiskers are sort of throughout the animal kingdom!

And while at least with mammals, whiskers are quite a common thing! You get micro whiskers, that’s micro whiskers and macro whiskers, and they have sort of different jobs. The macro whiskers are the big ones that you see with your house cats or without our lipids.

And then you get little tiny ones like little, little hairs around a chimps mouth! And they help! I was pointing them out there with a mongoose because they've also got these little micro whiskers!

And then when I go around like it was moving its nose in all those directions, that's called whisking. And it's when they try to check out a new place with those whiskers; it's got a very tactile sensory function.

So it gives them information about all the things that are happening around it! And what's really cool as though it is, in a way, a modified way, a modified hair, it's thicker, and it actually originates from a different type of follicle.

And that follicle is surrounded by blood! So each little bit of information that goes into that whisker, the whisker picks up, it gets amplified by the blood and then sent into the brain! Really cool, I think!

Anyway, then we send you over to Tristan and see how that search is going for the spotted cat.

Tristan: No, just their footprints so far! So we kept following these tracks that we've lost through the mail wind which is obviously, like I say, is Tingana's tracks from where he was seen on the damn cam, so we don't know where he's gone! But the female tracks went to Buffels Ex dam, they drank, and then it seems like she's been going east away from the dam which is not necessarily good news for us because I'm pretty sure she's gonna cross out fairly soon if that's the case!

Now, whose tracks are these? Is this her coming at you? No, that's not her, that's a big hyena! So at this stage, it's not really great news because she's hitting kind of east right on the northern boundary and the boundaries are not far away!

It's all in so what I'm hoping is that she's drank and decided just to lie down! But this cat has walked an absolute mile during the course of today! It's been a fairly coolish day, it hasn't been too hot, and so conditions have both have been pretty good for walking!

And maybe that's why we're seeing so much movement from her today! But I mean, she's walked pretty much from Zoey's Road, which is in the western side of Juma. And she's crossed all the way along to the northeastern corner!

Vicky: Do I think ten years in his stress?

Tristan: I am not sure to be honest! I haven't spent any time with her, I haven't seen her since I've been back, so it's very difficult to say whether or not she's in Easter or what's actually going on with her, I'm afraid!

Unfortunately, because of not spending time with her, you know you can't see what her behavior is, what she's doing. Is she calling? Is she scent marking? But what I will tell you is that this leopard had we've been tracking, she has scent marked to Lots!

She looks like she's been going up against bushes and kind of scenting and then turning and scenting and turning and the same thing. So maybe it is her, and maybe she's coming into cycle and that's why she's kind of moving with males and various other things! It's possible, but until we find the cats, it's always very difficult to know exactly what leopard you're tracking.

I'm not one of those that kind of picks up the idiosyncrasies of individual leopard tracks; there are some that are far better at those kind of things than what I am!

But yes, apparently some people can and do you pick up track have you got something very male tracks? These are yesterday's male tracks, I'm afraid. So that's also the other problem is now because it's winter a lot of the tracks, and you can pick them up quite often the next day and they still look really good because you don’t have too much rain or anything like that!

And because the ground is so powdery, they still stay quite defined, so you would just be a bit careful with tracks! But there's a male leopard that works all the way along SA, which I suppose was Dingaan. And then Rain, so then turned back and came and astounds me as how far these leopards can cover even in the middle of the day!

I mean, the tracks that's this of this female on top of this morning's game drive tracks a long, long way! But hopefully, we'll find it, and essentially where the tracks are soft, on the left-hand side, there's a drainage line that runs from Buffels of dam.

And it seems like she's going east in that drainage line! Now that's an area that Tundi very regularly goes, and so it wouldn't surprise me if it is her! She stored Columbia in this drainage line for quite a bit in January and February of last year, so it's very, very possible that she's been there.

Now, it's also very close to where I had a visual of a leopard yesterday. I still don't even know if it was male or female, to be honest with you guys; tracks look like female!

So I expect it to be a female, but it crossed into Buffels very close to where I am right now on the boundary. So we had a very brief... now it sounds like the guys are saying their butts in parlors alarm calling in quarantine, which is quite interesting!

So I have to see right now! That sounds like Trish is having all the luck without animals! We might get a little shift towards quarantine to see if those impalas are shouting about. In the meantime, though, back across to Trish on!

Trish: Yes, input in exciting and important things seem to be happening in quarantine! There's some alarm calls! So I hope that Tristan will get there and you'll find something exciting.

But in the meantime, we do have a lovely male nyala here, and you can see that his outline is quite jagged at the moment, and that is because he has just been displaying or showing off to another male!

He goes behind the bush! He's just been showing off behind to another male! So I just saw these two males, you know, just casually—they looked like normal, you know, like, "We're just gonna have a snack!"—but instead they start to move very slowly in unison!

And then the hairs all were erect, and that happens when they want to display to each other and decide who is better than the other one and who is going to get to mate. Now, nyalas will mate throughout the year, but it sort of does reach a peak in the Jjang between January and May mostly!

So this might be the last few guys that are trying to get their genetics pushed ahead this season! Maybe we can catch a last glimpse of him as he walks away! You can get to see the nice crest on his back! He's starting to lower it a little bit now, but when we first saw it, when we first saw it, it was quite high!

Even the tail was fluffy!

DJ: You say you like a good nyala dance?

Trish: Oh, there's nothing like a good nyala dance! At first you don't even know what's happening, and then you look carefully, you think, "What you're dancing!" You can see, is a nice mature bull, nice big horns, and the white tips at the top as well! Lovely!

So having some luck finding all the smaller or less shown creatures! Now, pilo erection is something that we also do; it's very strange! You'd think that we don't!

Viewer: Some of you guys are wondering if antelopes also have some form of whiskers.

That's a really good question! I don't know specifically to antelope, but I do know that most mammals do! And it's easier to count the animals that are—it’s easier to count the animals that don't have them than it is to count the animals that do in terms of mammals!

So it's very likely that they do, and if you look at their chin and the area around their mouths, you can see there's small sort of short hairs! So it wouldn't surprise me if they do also have whiskers, per se!

Now we also have remnants of days when we used to have whiskers! Yes, certain people still have little muscular areas in the upper lip where they would have developed whiskers eight hundred thousand years ago existed!

But like I said, even with pilo eruptions, you know, here's another guy! Even with pilo erection, it's not just these guys that do it; we do it too! When you get a bit of a fright or you feel the hairs on the back of your neck rising or you get cold, those are forms of pilo erection!

Because by definition, there's a tiny little muscle, tiny, tiny, tiny at the base of each one of those valla curls and it lifts the hair! It contracts to lift the hair, and that's exactly what happens in us when we get cold!

Now, compare this guy's crest on his back, which is fairly relaxed and flat against his body, compared to the one that we just saw that displaying to the other male!

That's nice! This must be a nice feeding area for them because there are three of them around! You can see those distinctive over-the-knee socks kind of look. This one has really distinctive white stripes!

Oh, the one white stripe is really thick and prominent; that's cool! Ian, you'd like to know if nyala have a rutting season like Impala? They don't particularly do, they breed throughout the year, and you'll find that it's usually peaks around January to May!

So that's why when I saw the other ones displaying earlier, I thought that it might just be some last guys trying to get in before the season or before the peak of the season sort of ends! But they don't have a rutting per se in the same way as Impala do!

Very cool! I always think the fluffy tail is very, very cute! He looks like he slightly has picked up his back the hairs on his back, but I still think that he appears fairly relaxed!

I feel like he looks a little younger than the guys that were fighting earlier on! I say fighting; they were very, very slowly trying to size each other up!

Trish: All right! While he eats away, I am going to keep on going! I am now on the eastern boundary, so I'm going to come down a little bit and get back onto the main road—that's the southern boundary—and then come back into Juma and go past Twin Dams, have a look at what's there!

By any other friend, nyala are beautiful! They're stunning! They look like little, almost very forest kind of creatures! I could imagine them alongside some toadstools!

Okay, we are on to the camera-killer road again, but luckily it's not too far drive; it's just a short distance! In the meantime, let me send you over to Steve, who's looking at something on the road!

Steve: Well, thank you to Charlotte here on the East! We are on the west, and there's tracks of three playing harmless nests that seemingly came from the Drummer side! And this is the western boundary road, and they came into the road and then crossed over onto our left-hand side.

So the objective was, because we heard there was a lioness—well one of our staff members saw one this morning! Right? Yep, towards the gate, saw one crossing this road!

Yeah, it's quite tricky for tracking because it's the main thoroughfare for most of the lodges in and out! So the only tracks you can see are the ones just on the side of the road that haven't been driven on!

So our objective was to come here to see if maybe any of those animals have come back again, and at the moment they have gone west! That is worth checking!

So we have an idea of where they're going, one here, and two over there crossing in that direction! Keep going up a little bit, see if there's any joy and then we're gonna have to make another plan for what we're gonna do! But at least we've checked our western boundary, and what a wonderful afternoon it is to be out!

So we were talking about birds, Ian, about habitat preference! And the reason why I wanted to bring that up is that if you ever do now see a bird that kind of looks like something you might have seen before, then go to the page of plumbers or kingfishers or whatever it might be!

Bear in mind where you are! Are you along a river? Is it a permanent river? Is that a pan? Is it a swamp? Is it an open grassland? Is it a forest? And then with that habitat preference in the bird identification, you'll be able to know exactly which species you're looking at!

Because once you know what a taraka looks like, you will be able to identify all the trackless! You might just be like, "I don't know who this is, but it looks like a good Soraka!" or "It looks like a kingfisher!"

And then once you find the habitat preference, then it's very easy! Very good! So not only do we have to look at the birds' beaks and feet and all of those... feet and beak; we need to look at also where you find them!

Because that is one of the defining characteristics of speciation of how the birds or animals have occurred where they are because of the competition between them for food resources as well as predators sort of keeping them!

See, for example, this bird right over here. It is on the ground; it has got a very long horn-like beak and the beak is red. And well, challenges are things we need to take on!

And yes, of course, the birds' feet do often look similar! For example, now you can't really see this one's legs, but if you look closely, they are quite a dark in color. There's nothing really too much to the legs, is there?

But the beak, very easy to see that it is red and it’s got a horn-like shape! So if you've never seen this particular bird before, but maybe you've seen others of the family, that is indeed a hornbill!

But bear in mind, you get hornbills all over the country! So where are you? If you're in the Kruger National Park, you'll be able to differentiate this from a bird that you might find in Namibia, for example! You get similar birds across in Namibia that look very similar to the red-billed hornbill!

I'll actually even show you, but bear in mind where you are in the country! That obviously makes a very big, a very important characteristic! Isn't it? Where are you? And then where are you right now?

So right now we look around, it's kind of a mixed woodland here; there's nothing too special about it! Quite easily then, if it's a special bird, it only occurs in a very specialized sort of place!

Now what I wanted to show you on my phone here, which is going to make it quite tricky if you are new to this because, let's have a look at the hornbill page! We at the gate, you can probably hear at one of the anti-poaching dogs bark in there!

Look at all the birds at the top with the red beaks! There's one; there's two; there's three; there's four birds actually with red beaks! But now how are we going to tell the difference between the southern red-billed, the Damara red-billed, the Monteiro's hornbill? It’s very tricky, isn't it?

But if I go and I click on the Monteiro's, which is up here in our distribution, look at where it occurs there, up in Namibia on the west coast, so it's not that guy, is it?

Now, if we click the Damara distribution, there we go, once again also up in Namibia! Now what could it be? Could it be this front, the Bradfield's? Let's have a look! Because we don't really know our Birds Bradfield's!

It occurs all at the northern Mobian, northern Botswana, even up into Angola! So no, definitely not him! And they have a look at this one; this one's got a red beak!

This is the crowned! Now look at that one! Okay, wow, that possibly could be it, couldn't it? Look at the dark, the distribution! But if we go more into the bird and we just have a look at its bird page, it will tell us: tall closed canopy woodland and forest!

Well, we're not really in a tall closed canopy woodland and forests, are we? There are places in the Kruger National Park where you do find at the crown hornbill!

I've only heard them now, I haven't seen crowned; they need very, very long tall trees with very, very wet river on areas! So it's definitely not the crown hornbill!

And if we go to the southern red-billed, let's have a look at the bird page! We obviously already know where he occurs; the car largest distribution is!

So if you were up in Namibia, up over here, you could possibly confuse him with one of those other individuals! But what is nice about these apps is, see, it says they're smaller than the Damara red-faced hornbill!

Damara red-billed hornbill with a gray streaked face and yellow eye! So if you're up in Namibia, and you were confused between those two, then there's a few more things you need to look for!

But what do we got here? Habitat, open woodland! And that's where we are: open woodland of the savannas! Quite a common bird for yes! So this very small little blurb gives you a lot of information about the bird, a lot about their food and where you might find them!

And if you keep going further down, there's so much more information!

Lauren: Your Honor, if there's anything different between the yellow and the red build?

Steve: Well, I think the yellow is slightly bigger! Their beaks are a little bit bigger as well, and they do actually share very, very similar habitats!

Also, here: wide range of savannas and more closed woodland! So there's probably a huge overlap between the two! We do find them often in mixed feeding groups!

I think the two of them are very, very similar in their design. They also feed on the same sort of foods, so they kind of push each other around, I suppose!

I think the yellow bulbs are maybe a little bit more aggressive, but speciation how this be said, it's quite tricky! They're both fitting into a niche because the savanna is quite a broad ecosystem, and they are both specialists.

They're able to use their beak for sifting through leaf matter! They're able to switch from insects to fruit to flowers and all that sort of thing!

So they're quite a specialized bird and also nest in cavities and the trees, which need woodland for that! And that enables them to be quite successful! But a very, very similar bird!

But there are some slight differences, but when you see the beak, and one is the flying banana, the other one's the flying chili, so you shouldn't confuse them too easily!

Steve: Okay, well our job on the West here is done now for now! We're going to just pop in and see if anything's going on towards Sidney's dam there!

But while we do that, let's go back over to Trish, who I think is in a little bit of www with a bouncing cub!

Trish: I have come across this little darling and we are at Twin Dams now! I was really happy to see that there was something happening! Because most of the time, especially when the water is as low as it is at the moment, you don't see much happening here!

Look at that! All of that is dry! All of them have potential to be fold up, and all we have is that little muddy patch on the left! But this hyena obviously likes to be near the water but not near enough!

Now, I'm trying to figure out who this is, and I'm really not sure at this point now! I saw a glimpse of the right ear, and it did have a notch taken out of it so I wondered if it was hard!

But it isn't going to come very clear—look! But I think it may be hard! It's a really distinctive red tuft of hair on the head there! It looks quite punk rocker!

She is semi-relaxing! Oh yes, I think that is what it's International Redhead Day today! That's what Emma tells me! And for those of you who don't know, Emma is a redhead!

So happy International Redhead Day to you, Emma! And to you, hyena! I think I'm just I'm sure this is hot now!

When I'm pretty sure it is what who Emma is waiting for her present! You just watch! I'll bring you some red hair from a hyena, Emma! You can attach it onto your own!

Oh, Sybil! Now we're looking at her awkward back legs and how stumpy it looks! I suppose this is what happens when you just want to relax! It's like when you fall asleep and your arms are underneath your body on your tummy!

It's that awkward, "I'm so tired, and I just need to sleep!" She's breathing quite heavily too! But also this kind of stance or position while lying down means that that... then vascularized tissue on the underneath of the belly can actually touch the ground and start to cool down the rest of the body!

So even though it looks a bit awkward, a bit funny, it's actually very effective! Looks so cool! So peaceful!

All righty! Let me send you over to Tristan and find out how he's tracking is going! I might pop into the den in a little bit!

Tristan: Well, she's not very good! Impalas are playing all kinds of games with us today! Alarm calls, tracks; there’s everything but no sign of the actual individuals!

And all three of them... I say it's because I think the tracks are for three different individuals are messing around all over the place really! So we're just gonna have to be patient!

I'm just doing a big loop at the moment because I still think before Zach dam is going to be a good place to go! The tracks that we had on y'all are at north going to perfect and were just so fresh that they looked like they were going to pop arts there somewhere!

And so I'm hoping that that's going to be the case! Dingaan, I have no idea where he's gone! He's somehow vanished!

And there seems to be another leopard moving around somewhere close to camp which I suppose could be tagged on! And it's very, very impossible as well! So it's been a frustrating afternoon in many respects given that we know that they yeah! We just haven't been able to lay eyes on them just yet!

But it's this time of the day that a leopard starts to really move and starts to kind of go and look for water as the sun is setting! And so it seems like a good time to be art and looking for our spotted kitties!

Like I say, I'm gonna do a bit of a change and go all the way down to U-turn dams quickly! Just have a little look there in case some little leopard has decided to move in, particularly Tigana!

You know how much he likes to walk in sometimes; he came in with a sneak off! So, we're gonna have a quick look just to scan for him! And then back up to Buffel's dam again and see if we can pick up anything!

Fiona, we do need a little bit of leopard magic! I find leopard adventure comes when you try harder, new patients, and you don't give up hope! And I find that that's when you get it!

And so we're going to try our very, very best to just keep positive! And hopefully at some point, if it's gonna pop out somewhere between myself and Trish and Jamie's out at the moment helping!

And Steve, I feel like we've got an opportunity to maybe find something somewhere along the line here! I think we just got it! Like I say, being a little bit patient and really just sort of sits in wait and hope!

I'm pretty sure something will come out at some point! It's one of those things though! If it doesn't, it doesn't! This is how life goes and how wildlife areas. Often people, you know, a citizen will think that because we're in the Sabi Sands, it's a given that you're going to go and see everything that you want to see!

That's not always the case! Sometimes it takes a lot of hard work and a bit of patience and not getting frustrated with things! And then actually you can get what you are looking for!

And so, you know, quiet days do happen, Archer! And they make you appreciate him! It's not quiet, so it's not the worst thing in the world! At some point, somebody he's going to come up with the goods!

I'm backing that it's gonna be Tingana or Columbo that I'm gonna make an appearance tonight! So I think Tundi has made quite a few! But when was the last time she was seen actually?

I'm sure she wasn't seen that long ago! There's been a few sightings of her! So hopefully she’ll be arts as well! It wouldn't be nice if we had all three of them right to our dams!

What have you got for us? It's very quiet! No impalas, which is sometimes a good sign! Don't see anything!

Oh, the 23rd was the last Tundi sighting! What are we today? Too long ago? Three days ago?

That's not bad, so she's doing appearance! Wouldn't it be nice if Sabri was... yeah, we cool!

Awesome! I saw it was right, yeah! It'd be nice! Well, not quite right yet, about a hundred meters in something... where I am right now... what's that?

There is a hyena that is lying there! That is not a leopard for a second! I got excited! It's no wonder there are no impalas around us!

Like I say, if you had one of these dams and you don't find any impalas around or any sort of prey animals can often be a sign that there is a predator around!

And well, you know, is one of those! Even though they have this reputation of being thought to be scavengers, we know very differently that they are very much able to do hunt!

Now immerse is to me that this hyena looks like she feels... Hey, are you having the Sunday blues? What's going on? Is it because it's red hair day? That's your upset!

Emma is a redhead, by the way! They mustn't be upset; you must celebrate the fact that you have been here!

Well, there is not really red hair! She's got more... more kind of... we didn't get you presents! But it's because it's your birthday in a few days’ time!

I don't know! A few days away? Is the 15th of June? Is it? Emma? The 15th of June? Maybe? No? Could be?

Don't think so! Not sure that would be correct. And there we go! See, so I've got brownie points for remembering Emma’s birthday! But she says she needs—she's disappointed because she wants it to be presents once a day for redhead day and two for her birthday.

But that's just being greedy because I suppose you also want to present on your Christmas too, and you can't have presents all the time! Well, I suppose this will... but it could theoretically claim birthday month!

In which case, people would have to do you say, right? Well, you left our... you know, alone because you discussed it with Trisha!

We are on a different kind of mission, and it's the right time for me to be hitting towards Buffel's dam now! Now's the time for me to go there and repair rabbits out the hat! What do you think, John? Dre writes now?

The reason I snipped this idea and why I'm leaving is because I want to go find a little bit, but she wants to go and find my Enid! And so she's off in that direction, and hopefully, she'll have some luck!

I have full faith that Tristan will be able to pull a bunny out of the hat tonight! If not for a leopard, it will definitely be a scrum here out of that hat!

But I'm heading to the hyena den, and I'm heading to the... exciting den, the first den... or okay, I say the first den... it started spot first in the old one, but still, it was one of the new word in are the ones before this, these two that we have now.

And the ensuite! There we go! The den or the splash pool double-storied in that one! We're going to have one! Because that's where I saw June's cubs yesterday!

So I want to just check; maybe they're around! And then if there's nobody there, we'll pay a visit to the other den and see if Ribbon and her two are around!

I feel like they've moved from this den because it was... there were lots of big game that was coming around there! There were the buffalo outside, there were elephants around! Awfully nice remember being at the den, and you’ll see an elephant walk by, and the cubs are out and playing, and the parents are... the moms are around as well!

But they didn’t seem very concerned! But I suppose it's not the most safest thing to have all those, all the big game! You don't want them to be trampling your cubs.

Linda: You say we need to have a discussion about how many different dens there are and where they are and when they moved?

Well, I can give you my two cents! So when we first got June in October last year, it was a den on Aubrey's road, which is pretty much central-ish Juma, an opossum camp.

Then they went to Philemon Scotland, in which is when we get to the den that we're going to now. We entered through that road, it's also a little more south of the central area.

Then they moved to the stand that we're gonna be approaching now! And then from there, they've moved to the two dens that we see ribbon and her cubs in often!

Okay, this excuse this part! Yeah, it looks so neat! Yeah! So says if the hyenas landscape the area, doesn't it look very neat?

Let's have a look! I thought I saw a pair of ears poking out! Did you see them? Same here! Let us have a look!

Okay, so we're just gonna have a quick glance as we drive through because there aren't any adults around! But June's two are here!

So as I slowly, we will stop for one moment! Just have a look at them and then we will be off! There these two!

Now, they've been hanging out at its den two days now that I've seen them here by themselves! So I’m going to assume that this is their den! And June is hanging about!

Look at these distinctive spots on the back! Almost as if they've merged into stripes a bit!

Okay, pop it! I think we have to go! We are drawing you out now and that is no good! I'm sorry, guys! Trust me, I am also sad about it! Buh-bye puppets!

We'll see you another time when mom's around! That was nice because you were with me as I went round to check; you could actually catch a glimpse of them!

So that was sweet! All right, let me make my way to the other den and go past Treehouse Dam at the same time and see what's going on there!

In the meantime, I'll send you over to Steve so he can tell you a little bit more about what's going on with him!

Steve: Well, thanks Trisha! Well, you're back with us everybody! We found some more lion tracks and a leopard track just after you left us, and they both came back into Juma!

And then we went around towards Sydney's dam area which is on the North sort of eastern corner to see if maybe they went out that way! And all we did by doing that was find where the rest of the pride had been moving earlier, but no sign yet of possibly where these individuals could be!

We're just heading back towards sort of retail access, taking it very, very slowly because, as I said before, I only saw tracks of three lions going over! And then a track of one coming this way with a leopard!

I don't think they were doing it at the same time! And then when we came here, there's at least six lions that have headed in this direction!

But don't think they've crushed, so we might be lucky! Right here up in the northern sort of by the gates!

Should I say it's very hard to really give you an exact cardinal point? But just popping out, sure, here's our main access in here to Juma!

Scared to go around the corner and see if maybe these lions are just lying up! Remember when I just before went to the Mara, we had the vocal males with a couple of Uncle Homers, and they were just... yep, in the thickets!

A very tricky place to be because where we are is right on the sort of tip of Juma with the other properties, with the gate there! Man, you lady before Sook, it's just a very interesting sort of triangle up here and an area that the animals can really cross through very quickly because it's a very short distance!

It's not far at all! So if they just walk across the road there, they could probably throw a stone! Well, some somebody could probably throw a stone from that road to that road over there!

But I probably couldn't throw a stone in that fire! How about you, Craig? Maybe! Maybe farther than first anticipated?

But let's keep searching! Keeping our eyes peeled! And we are okay! Here are the tracks of the pride that we probably showed you a couple before! You can see there's one, there's probably two, there's definitely a male there and then a female over here!

So that's two individuals, but it's possible they split up! These are probably two of the individuals that we already counted crossing over, but then we had one crossing back again!

It is also possible that they were playing frequencies! This area isn't very difficult to cross; they could have gone back and back again! It's very hard to say with that physically, beam!

Yeah, at the time, well, one thing for sure is they're crossing the strait! And that is where we were showing them to earlier! That is Triple-M, the boundary, right?

So we're just gonna scratch around here for a few more minutes, see if we can have any luck as the sun starts to descend in the West! That's the beautiful thing about being out on game drive is you never know what you could find!

You know this area, sort of a northern section, this sort of area in the northern section here doesn't get as much sort of vehicle traffic as it probably should! And a lot of animals cross here very quickly!

A lot of you are wondering about Avoca updates! Yes, so the voters have been around! I haven't seen him since obviously ours here lost some, but there was one on last night restore!

Yesterday morning, it was found just south of our boundary and they've been walking through! But just the males have got such large territories that Juma for them is just a drop in the ocean!

And they just have to just walk in! But they're on the other side—that is the difficulty!

Okay, see here we are once again directly at the gate! No lions to be seen! But we will slowly drive back down this way!

Steve: It's possible that maybe with the setting of the sun... let's check the wind, shall we? Wind direction: it is very gently coming from that side, very gently coming this way!

So what that means to me is that lions will always move sort of in the direction of the wind! I walk across the wind! So if the winds are coming from this way, they'll walk that way or that way!

And then as soon as I smell something, I walk back! So with the wind coming from that direction, the problem will mean they'll go that way! That's probably why they've gone that way!

And yes, Emma does work! You gotta lick your finger and put it up in the air, and the cold side is the side the wind is coming from!

But if you do it while you're driving, it doesn't work because obviously the wind from the driving is what's making your finger cold! That's why I stopped the car and switched off!

There are no external influences like right now; the wind is coming from that way because that's the way I'm driving! While this thing over here is called a windscreen!

We generate our own wind, especially when we put our foot down! Emma says she's been testing the wind wrong the entire time and the key is also him!

As the finger that you lick, you've got to stick up! If you put up another finger, well it just doesn't work!

The best way really to do is with ash in a sock! That gives a very good indication of wind! Or little grass seeds! Or scrub hair dung is a very, very good one! Just don’t leave them in your pockets and wash them!

It doesn't... it's not a very good result! Okay, so the lions are walking down here! You'll see the tracks crossing the road and then heading into that direction!

Keep going up a little bit! See if there's any joy and then we're going to have to make another plan for what we're gonna do!

But at least we've checked our western boundary and what a wonderful afternoon it is to be out!

So we were talking about birds, Ian, about habitat preference! And the reason why I wanted to bring that up is that if you ever do now see a bird that kind of looks like something you might have seen before, then go to the page of plumbers or kingfishers or whatever it might be!

Bear in mind where you are! Are you along a river? Is it a permanent river? Is that a pan? Is it a swamp? Is it an open grassland?

Is it a forest? And then with that habitat preference in the bird identification, you'll be able to know exactly which species you're looking at!

Because once you know what a taraka looks like, you will be able to identify all the trackers! You might just be like, "I don't know who this is, but it looks like good Soraka or it looks like a Kingfisher!"

And then once you find the habitat preference, then it's very easy! Very good!

So not only do we have to look at the birds' beaks and feet and all of those... feet and beak; we need to look at also where you find them!

Because that is one of the defining characteristics of speciation of how the birds or animals have occurred where they are because of the competition between them for food resources as well as predators sort of keeping them!

See, for example, this bird right over here. It is on the ground; it has got a very long horn-like beak and the beak is red.

And well, challenges are things we need to take on!

And yes, of course, the birds' feet do often look similar! For example, now you can't really see this one's legs, but if you look closely, they are quite a dark in color.

There's nothing really too much to the legs, is there? But the beak, very easy to see that it is red and it’s got a horn-like shape!

So if you've never seen this particular bird before, but maybe you've seen others of the family, that is indeed a hornbill!

But bear in mind, you get hornbills all over the country! So where are you? If you're in the Kruger National Park, you'll be able to differentiate this from a bird that you might find in Namibia, for example!

You get similar birds across in Namibia that look very similar to the red-billed hornbill!

And I'll actually even show you, but bear in mind where you are in the country! That obviously makes a very big, a very important characteristic! Isn’t it? Where are you? And then where are you right now?

So right now we look around, it's kind of a mixed woodland here; there's nothing too special about it! Quite easily then, if it's a special bird,

Steve: It only occurs in a very specialized sort of place!

Now, what I wanted to show you on my phone here, which is going to make it quite tricky if you are new to this because, let's have a look at the hornbill page!

We at the gate, you can probably hear at one of the anti-poaching dogs bark in there! Look at all the birds at the top with the red beaks!

There's one; there are two; there are three; there are four birds actually with red beaks! But now, how are we going to tell the difference between the southern red-billed, the Damara red-billed, the Monteiro's hornbills?

It’s very tricky, isn’t it? But if I go and I click on the Monteiro's, which is up here in our distribution, look at where it occurs there, up in Namibia on the west coast, so it’s not that guy, is it?

Now, if we click the Damara distribution, there we go, once again also up in Namibia! Now what could it be? Could it be this front, the Bradfield's?

Let’s have a look because we don’t really know our birds' Bradfield's occurs all at the northern Mobian, northern Botswana, even up into Angola!

So no, definitely not him! And they have a look at this one; this one's got a red beak!

This is the crowned! Now look at that one! Okay, wow, that possibly could be it, couldn't it? Look at the dark, the distribution! But if we go more into the bird and we just have a look at its bird page, it will tell us: tall closed canopy woodland and forest!

Well, we’re not really in a tall closed canopy woodland and forests, are we? There are places in the Kruger National Park where you do find at the crown hornbill!

I've only heard them now; I haven't seen them crowned! They need very, very long tall trees with very, very wet water on areas! So it's definitely not the crown hornbill!

And if we go to the southern red-billed, let’s have a look at the bird page! We obviously already know where he occurs; the car largest distribution is!

So if you were up in Namibia, up over here, you could possibly confuse him with one of those other individuals!

But what is nice about these apps is, see, it says they're smaller than the Damara red-faced hornbill!

Damara red-billed hornbill with a gray streaked face and yellow eye! So if you're up in Namibia and you were confused between those two, then there's a few more things you need to look for!

But what do we got here? Habitat, open woodland!

And that's where we are: open woodland of the savannas! Quite a common bird for yes! So this very small little blurb gives you a lot of information about the bird, a lot about their food and where you might find them!

And if you keep going further down, there's so much more information!

Lauren: Your Honor, if there's anything different between the yellow and the red build?

Steve: Well, I think the yellow is slightly bigger! Their beaks are a little bit bigger as well! And they do actually share very, very similar habitats!

Also, here: wide range of savannas and more closed woodland! So there's probably a huge overlap between the two!

We do find them often in mixed feeding groups! I think the two of them are very, very similar in their design! They also feed on the same sort of foods, so they kind of push each other around, I suppose!

I think the yellow bulbs are maybe a little bit more aggressive! But speciation how this be said, it's quite tricky! They're both fitting into a niche because the savanna is quite a broad ecosystem, and they are both specialists!

They're able to use their beak for sifting through leaf matter! They're able to switch from insects to fruit to flowers and all that sort of thing!

So they're quite a specialized bird and also nest in cavities and the trees, which need woodland for that! And that enables them to be quite successful! But a very, very similar bird! But there are some slight differences!

But when you see the beak and one is the flying banana, the other one's the flying chili, so you shouldn't confuse them too easily!

Steve: Okay, well our job on the West here is done now for now! We're going to just pop in and see if anything's going on tomorrow towards Sydney's dam there!

But while we do that, let's go back over to Trish, who I think is in a little bit of www with a bouncing cub!

Trish: I have come across this little darling and we are at Twin Dams now! I was really happy to see that there was something happening! Because most of the time, especially when the water is as low as it is at the moment, you don't see much happening here!

Look at that! All of that is dry! All of them have potential to be fold up, and all we have is that little muddy patch on the left! But this hyena obviously likes to be near the water but not near enough!

Now, I'm trying to figure out who this is, and I'm really not sure at this point now! I saw a glimpse of the right ear, and it did have a notch taken out of it so I wondered if it was hard!

But it isn't going to come very clear—look! But I think it may be hard! It's a really distinctive red tuft of hair on the head there! It looks quite punk rocker!

She is semi-relaxing! Oh yes, I think that is what it's International Redhead Day today! That's what Emma tells me! And for those of you who don't know, Emma is a redhead!

So happy International Redhead Day to you, Emma! And to you, hyena! I think I'm just I'm sure this is hot now!

When I'm pretty sure it is what who Emma is waiting for her present! You just watch! I'll bring you some red hair from a hyena, Emma! You can attach it onto your own!

Oh, Sybil! Now we're looking at her awkward back legs and how stumpy it looks! I suppose this is what happens when you just want to relax!

It's like when you fall asleep and your arms are underneath your body on your tummy! It's that awkward, "I'm so tired, and I just need to sleep!"

She's breathing quite heavily too! But also this kind of stance or position while lying down means that that... then vascularized tissue on the underneath of the belly can actually touch the ground and start to cool down the rest of the body!

So even though it looks a bit awkward, a bit funny, it's actually very effective! Looks so cool! So peaceful!

All righty! Let me send you over to Tristan and find out how he's tracking is going! I might pop into the den in a little bit!

Tristan: Well, she's not very good! Impalas are playing all kinds of games with us today! Alarm calls, tracks; there’s everything but no sign of the actual individuals!

And all three of them... I say it's because I think the tracks are for three different individuals are messing around all over the place really! So we're just gonna have to be patient!

I'm just doing a big loop at the moment because I still think before Zach dam is going to be a good place to go! The tracks that we had on y'all are at north going to perfect and were just so fresh that they looked like they were going to pop arts there somewhere!

And so I'm hoping that that's going to be the case! Dingaan, I have no idea where he's gone! He's somehow vanished!

And there seems to be another leopard moving around somewhere close to camp which I suppose could be tagged on! And it's very, very impossible as well! So it's been a frustrating afternoon in many respects given that we know that they yeah! We just haven't been able to lay eyes on them just yet!

But it's this time of the day that a leopard starts to really move and starts to kind of go and look for water as the sun is setting! And so it seems like a good time to be art and looking for our spotted kitties!

Like I say, I'm gonna do a bit of a change and go all the way down to U-turn dams quickly! Just have a little look there in case some little leopard has decided to move in, particularly Tigana!

You know how much he likes to walk in sometimes; he came in with a sneak off! So, we're gonna have a quick look just to scan for him! And then back up to Buffel's dam again and see if we can pick up