yego.me
💡 Stop wasting time. Read Youtube instead of watch. Download Chrome Extension

The Contradiction In The U.S. Constitution


less than 1m read
·Nov 10, 2024

Did you know that one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century discovered a logical contradiction in the US Constitution that, if found, could be used to legally change America's democracy into a dictatorship?

Well, he did, but we no longer know what it was. It's been called one of the great unsolved problems of constitutional law, but it's also known as Girdle's Loophole. In 1947, Kurt Girdle discovered the contradiction while studying for the American citizenship test. He told his friend Oscar Morganstern, and then Morganstern told Albert Einstein.

Both of them agreed that it probably wouldn't be exploited. Now, no one ever wrote it down, so we don't know what he had in mind. Was it something about the Electoral College, presidential pardons, or gerrymandering?

Well, there's been a lot of speculation, but I think one of the best guesses is this: Girdle's problem may have been that Article 5 could be seen as self-referential. It circumscribes how the Constitution can and cannot be changed, and yet Article 5 is also part of the Constitution.

If the rules about how the rules can be changed can themselves be changed, well then anything is not only possible or easy but legal. But really, no one knows.

More Articles

View All
Fever Feels Horrible, but is Actually Awesome!
Fever feels bad. So we take medication to suppress it – but is this a good idea? It turns out fever is one of the oldest defenses against disease. What exactly is it, how does it make your immune defense stronger and should you take a pill to combat it? …
Khan Academy Teacher Training 2018
Teachers are the single most important actor in students’ learning. Hi, I’m Sal Khan, founder of the not-for-profit organization Khan Academy, and I just want to tell all you teachers out there that we have an exciting program for this summer. It’s call…
Generation Plastic | Plastic on the Ganges
[Music] Hey, [Music] but it has changed now. Everything has changed. [Music] We used to make everything, like our tools, plates, and cups out of natural materials, but now everything is plastic. [Music] All of this dirtiness is coming from the garbage. It…
Property rights in a market system | Basic Economic Concepts | AP(R) Microeconomics | Khan Academy
In this video, we’re going to talk about an idea that’s crucial to the proper functioning of an economy under a market-based system, and that’s the idea of property rights. It’s just the idea that everyone agrees on who owns what and what they can do wit…
Impact of mutations on translation into amino acids | High school biology | Khan Academy
So let’s start looking at a short sequence of DNA and the letters. I’m going to use these as the shorthands for the various nucleotide bases that make up a sequence of DNA. So let’s say that I have some thymine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, cytosine, thym…
Flying to Cappadocia with my mom 🇹🇷 Trip Vlog 🧑‍✈️
[Music] [Applause] [Music] Suddenly [Music] falling in love, not falling out. I keep on. Each of us [Music] called it. [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Music] Hmm [Music] guys, I want you to look at this view. This is so amazing! This is my …