yego.me
💡 Stop wasting time. Read Youtube instead of watch. Download Chrome Extension

The Contradiction In The U.S. Constitution


less than 1m read
·Nov 10, 2024

Did you know that one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century discovered a logical contradiction in the US Constitution that, if found, could be used to legally change America's democracy into a dictatorship?

Well, he did, but we no longer know what it was. It's been called one of the great unsolved problems of constitutional law, but it's also known as Girdle's Loophole. In 1947, Kurt Girdle discovered the contradiction while studying for the American citizenship test. He told his friend Oscar Morganstern, and then Morganstern told Albert Einstein.

Both of them agreed that it probably wouldn't be exploited. Now, no one ever wrote it down, so we don't know what he had in mind. Was it something about the Electoral College, presidential pardons, or gerrymandering?

Well, there's been a lot of speculation, but I think one of the best guesses is this: Girdle's problem may have been that Article 5 could be seen as self-referential. It circumscribes how the Constitution can and cannot be changed, and yet Article 5 is also part of the Constitution.

If the rules about how the rules can be changed can themselves be changed, well then anything is not only possible or easy but legal. But really, no one knows.

More Articles

View All
How the End of the Cold War Led to Birth of the International Space Station | Rewind the '90s
NARRATOR: Our story opens with revolution. After decades of cold war, the mighty Soviet empire is collapsing. MAN: The wall is effectively down. NARRATOR: Just weeks before the 90s begin, the most famous symbol of the political divide between east and w…
Reasoning with linear equations | Solving equations & inequalities | Algebra 1 | Khan Academy
In many other videos, we’ve taken equations like this and tried to quote solve for x. What we’re going to do in this video is deepen our understanding a little bit about what’s going on and really think about the notion of equivalence, or equivalent state…
In Search of Healthy Masculinity
As a man, what is your place in the modern world? Qualities usually associated with being masculine don’t seem to have a lot of value anymore. Strength is rarely necessary. Hiding emotions isn’t appreciated and can even be considered unhealthy. Self-relia…
overstimulation is ruining your life
Imagine being on a sinking ship, and instead of trying to save yourself, you’re scrolling through a never-ending feed of memes and gossips. That exactly reflects what’s happening in our lives; we are drowning in a sea of overstimulation and digital distra…
Intro to forces (part 1) | Physics | Khan Academy
A force is just a push or a pull, that’s it. But in this video, we’re going to explore the different kinds of pushes and pulls that we will encounter in our daily lives. So let’s start with an example. Imagine you are pulling a chair in your living room u…
Conceptual overview of light dependent reactions
We’ve seen in previous videos that photosynthesis can be broken down into the light dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. The light dependent reactions is where we take light as an input along with water, and we’ll see the water is actually a source o…