yego.me
💡 Stop wasting time. Read Youtube instead of watch. Download Chrome Extension

The Contradiction In The U.S. Constitution


less than 1m read
·Nov 10, 2024

Did you know that one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century discovered a logical contradiction in the US Constitution that, if found, could be used to legally change America's democracy into a dictatorship?

Well, he did, but we no longer know what it was. It's been called one of the great unsolved problems of constitutional law, but it's also known as Girdle's Loophole. In 1947, Kurt Girdle discovered the contradiction while studying for the American citizenship test. He told his friend Oscar Morganstern, and then Morganstern told Albert Einstein.

Both of them agreed that it probably wouldn't be exploited. Now, no one ever wrote it down, so we don't know what he had in mind. Was it something about the Electoral College, presidential pardons, or gerrymandering?

Well, there's been a lot of speculation, but I think one of the best guesses is this: Girdle's problem may have been that Article 5 could be seen as self-referential. It circumscribes how the Constitution can and cannot be changed, and yet Article 5 is also part of the Constitution.

If the rules about how the rules can be changed can themselves be changed, well then anything is not only possible or easy but legal. But really, no one knows.

More Articles

View All
The van der Waals equation | Khan Academy
We have so far spent many videos talking about the ideal gas law: that pressure times volume is equal to the number of moles times the ideal gas constant times temperature measured in Kelvin. What we’re going to do in this video is attempt to modify the i…
Position vector valued functions | Multivariable Calculus | Khan Academy
Let’s say I have some curve C and it’s described; it can be parameterized. I can’t say that word as, let’s say, x is equal to X of t, y is equal to some function y of T, and let’s say that this is valid for T between A and B, so T is greater than or equal…
Addressing treating differentials algebraically | AP Calculus AB | Khan Academy
So when you first learn calculus, you learn that the derivative of some function f could be written as f prime of x is equal to the limit as the change in x approaches zero of f of x plus the change in x minus f of x over the change in x. You learn multi…
Shepard Tone Illusion .... and more!
Hey, Vsauce. Michael here. And today I released a brand new Vsauce Leanback. A playlist of educational videos from all over YouTube that I think are cool and I host sort of like a Vsauce TV show. You can start that by clicking the box up in the corner or…
Performing a rotation to match figures
Use one rotation to map quadrilateral ABCD to the other quadrilateral. So to map this one to this one right over here, use a number between 0 and 360° to describe the angle. Counterclockwise is positive, so you’re going to want to move it counterclockwise…
Understanding SAFEs and Priced Equity Rounds by Kirsty Nathoo
I would like to introduce Kirsty, who is going to talk, uh, in much detail about SAFE’s notes, equity, and the like. “Kirsty.” “All right, good morning everybody. So, my name is Kirsty Nathu. I’m the CFO and one of the partners here at Y Combinator. I h…