yego.me
💡 Stop wasting time. Read Youtube instead of watch. Download Chrome Extension

The Contradiction In The U.S. Constitution


less than 1m read
·Nov 10, 2024

Did you know that one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century discovered a logical contradiction in the US Constitution that, if found, could be used to legally change America's democracy into a dictatorship?

Well, he did, but we no longer know what it was. It's been called one of the great unsolved problems of constitutional law, but it's also known as Girdle's Loophole. In 1947, Kurt Girdle discovered the contradiction while studying for the American citizenship test. He told his friend Oscar Morganstern, and then Morganstern told Albert Einstein.

Both of them agreed that it probably wouldn't be exploited. Now, no one ever wrote it down, so we don't know what he had in mind. Was it something about the Electoral College, presidential pardons, or gerrymandering?

Well, there's been a lot of speculation, but I think one of the best guesses is this: Girdle's problem may have been that Article 5 could be seen as self-referential. It circumscribes how the Constitution can and cannot be changed, and yet Article 5 is also part of the Constitution.

If the rules about how the rules can be changed can themselves be changed, well then anything is not only possible or easy but legal. But really, no one knows.

More Articles

View All
Free live tutoring at schoolhouse.world
Hi everyone, Sal here from Khan Academy, and I just wanted to make an announcement of something that I think many of you will find useful. I have a little bit of a side project going on called schoolhouse.world. It isn’t an official Khan Academy project, …
This Duck Has a Foot Growing On Its Head - Smarter Every Day 25
Hey, it’s me Destin. This week I’ve been in the lab, or my garage, working on my thesis. So, I’m trying to finish it, so I can’t give you an awesome video this week. To hold you over, I’ll give you some video of when me and my daughter went to the fair an…
How Surfing Lead One NatGeo Explorer to The Depths of The Ocean | National Geographic
My first experience with the ocean started out as a surfer. I just loved being in the water. I loved riding waves, I loved the energy of the ocean, and there was no cost to entry to surfing. You know, once I had a surfboard, I could just ride waves all da…
Power dissipation in resistors in series versus in parallel
A student builds a circuit with a battery and two light bulbs in series. Then the student builds a second circuit with two light bulbs in parallel. Which battery runs out of power first? Assume all bulbs have equal resistance. Assume both batteries have …
The Rainiest Place On Earth
[Derek] This is the world’s largest rainfall simulator, located in Tsukuba, Japan. Now, I know that it just looks like a warehouse with a lot of sprinklers, but this building is incredibly important. The science conducted here keeps tens of millions of pe…
Photo Ark | Series Trailer
[Music] All right, this’ll work. Okay, we’re ready for the cobra. [Music] He’s running away from me. There we go, that’s just the first one. I’m all worn out. Okay, for the past 15 years, I’ve made a thousand trips to photograph over 10,000 species and s…