yego.me
💡 Stop wasting time. Read Youtube instead of watch. Download Chrome Extension

The Contradiction In The U.S. Constitution


less than 1m read
·Nov 10, 2024

Did you know that one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century discovered a logical contradiction in the US Constitution that, if found, could be used to legally change America's democracy into a dictatorship?

Well, he did, but we no longer know what it was. It's been called one of the great unsolved problems of constitutional law, but it's also known as Girdle's Loophole. In 1947, Kurt Girdle discovered the contradiction while studying for the American citizenship test. He told his friend Oscar Morganstern, and then Morganstern told Albert Einstein.

Both of them agreed that it probably wouldn't be exploited. Now, no one ever wrote it down, so we don't know what he had in mind. Was it something about the Electoral College, presidential pardons, or gerrymandering?

Well, there's been a lot of speculation, but I think one of the best guesses is this: Girdle's problem may have been that Article 5 could be seen as self-referential. It circumscribes how the Constitution can and cannot be changed, and yet Article 5 is also part of the Constitution.

If the rules about how the rules can be changed can themselves be changed, well then anything is not only possible or easy but legal. But really, no one knows.

More Articles

View All
Steve Jobs' 2005 Stanford Commencement Address (with intro by President John Hennessy)
[Music] This program is brought to you by Stanford University. Please visit us at stanford.edu. It now gives me great pleasure to introduce this year’s commencement speaker, Steve Jobs. [Applause] The chief executive officer and co-founder of Apple and …
Examples identifying conditions for inference on two proportions | AP Statistics | Khan Academy
A sociologist suspects that men are more likely to have received a ticket for speeding than women are. The sociologist wants to sample people and create a two-sample z interval. In other videos, we introduce what that idea is: to estimate the difference b…
Iraq Explained -- ISIS, Syria and War
Oh dear… Just when you thought the Iraq problem was solved because you haven’t heard about it for a while, everything’s back to murderous chaos and terror. What happened? In 2003, the US invaded Iraq because of its alleged connections to terrorism and wea…
Bertie Gregory's Favorite Moments | Animals Up Close | Disney+ | National Geographic
Devil Ray, Devil Ray, wow, it looks cool! Mother Nature has gifted me with so many incredible encounters and animals up close, and these are some of my favorite moments from this series. A real highlight for me in the Galapagos: but these guys can rack up…
Two Friends + 24 Hours = One Great Adventure in Croatia | Short Film Showcase
This is my friend Alistair Humphries. He’s an adventurer and writer, and in the summer, he invited me on a micro-adventure in Croatia. The idea was to fit in as much as we possibly could in 24 hours and to make a short film about it. So first, we made a …
Outlasting the Enemy in Shok Valley | No Man Left Behind
On October 2nd of 2008, we received the mission to go conduct an operation in the northern province of Nurse T in Afghanistan. The mission was to conduct a raid on a high-value target. The plan was to infiltrate from the bottom of the valley and work our …