yego.me
💡 Stop wasting time. Read Youtube instead of watch. Download Chrome Extension

The Contradiction In The U.S. Constitution


less than 1m read
·Nov 10, 2024

Did you know that one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century discovered a logical contradiction in the US Constitution that, if found, could be used to legally change America's democracy into a dictatorship?

Well, he did, but we no longer know what it was. It's been called one of the great unsolved problems of constitutional law, but it's also known as Girdle's Loophole. In 1947, Kurt Girdle discovered the contradiction while studying for the American citizenship test. He told his friend Oscar Morganstern, and then Morganstern told Albert Einstein.

Both of them agreed that it probably wouldn't be exploited. Now, no one ever wrote it down, so we don't know what he had in mind. Was it something about the Electoral College, presidential pardons, or gerrymandering?

Well, there's been a lot of speculation, but I think one of the best guesses is this: Girdle's problem may have been that Article 5 could be seen as self-referential. It circumscribes how the Constitution can and cannot be changed, and yet Article 5 is also part of the Constitution.

If the rules about how the rules can be changed can themselves be changed, well then anything is not only possible or easy but legal. But really, no one knows.

More Articles

View All
These Divers Search For Slave Shipwrecks and Discover Their Ancestors | National Geographic
I am a light in the bottom of the ocean. [Music] Buried in the silence of years, I am the lights of the spirits. [Music] I often think of the middle passage as the origin story for Africans in the Americas during that transatlantic slave trade period. We …
Introduction to sampling distributions | Sampling distributions | AP Statistics | Khan Academy
What we’re going to do in this video is talk about the idea of a sampling distribution. Now, just to make things a little bit concrete, let’s imagine that we have a population of some kind. Let’s say it’s a bunch of balls; each of them has a number writte…
It's all about talking to your users.
Most people in the world have the idea on how new startups are formed completely wrong. They think ideas of new products is something the founders come up with on a lazy Sunday or a late night coding session. You probably know it doesn’t work this way. Th…
Generating inputs and outputs of a function
So we’re asked to pick any three pairs of corresponding input and output values of the following function and fill the table accordingly, and if necessary, round our answers to the nearest 0.1. Our function is defined as: if I input a t, what I’m going t…
You Don’t Deserve What You Want | Stoic Philosophy
In the ancient city of Rome, a man named Tiberius approached the Stoic philosopher Epictetus, who was getting ready for his journey to Greece. “Master Epictetus,” he cried, “Before you leave, please listen to me. I’ve lost everything! A fire destroyed my …
Car insurance basics | Insurance | Financial Literacy | Khan Academy
So cars are something that usually involves some type of insurance. One, cars are a pretty expensive asset that many of us own. The other issue is cars are driving around pretty fast, and they can actually cause a lot of damage to property or to people. …