yego.me
💡 Stop wasting time. Read Youtube instead of watch. Download Chrome Extension

The Contradiction In The U.S. Constitution


less than 1m read
·Nov 10, 2024

Did you know that one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century discovered a logical contradiction in the US Constitution that, if found, could be used to legally change America's democracy into a dictatorship?

Well, he did, but we no longer know what it was. It's been called one of the great unsolved problems of constitutional law, but it's also known as Girdle's Loophole. In 1947, Kurt Girdle discovered the contradiction while studying for the American citizenship test. He told his friend Oscar Morganstern, and then Morganstern told Albert Einstein.

Both of them agreed that it probably wouldn't be exploited. Now, no one ever wrote it down, so we don't know what he had in mind. Was it something about the Electoral College, presidential pardons, or gerrymandering?

Well, there's been a lot of speculation, but I think one of the best guesses is this: Girdle's problem may have been that Article 5 could be seen as self-referential. It circumscribes how the Constitution can and cannot be changed, and yet Article 5 is also part of the Constitution.

If the rules about how the rules can be changed can themselves be changed, well then anything is not only possible or easy but legal. But really, no one knows.

More Articles

View All
How to Find a Technical Cofounder - Michael Seibel
One question that we get a lot of at YC is how to find a technical co-founder. This is how I would think through this problem. First, I would start with your friends. Um, how many of your friends do you really enjoy talking to and who know how to write c…
15 Ways to Get Out of Your Slump
Damn the big slump. The one where two full nights of sleep and takeout on TV on the couch don’t help you. It’s been weeks. You still feel like crap. This is the worst time to feel that way. You need to be on your game. So what do you do? Slumps are a par…
Khan Academy Best Practices for Supporting Students in Special Education
Hi everyone, this is Jeremy Shieffling from Khan Academy. Hope you’re having a good hump day! I know we’re kind of in a hump season right now, trying to get over this big thing as a society. So I appreciate you making time out of everything going on in yo…
The Moment kurzgesagt Changed Forever
Hey you, so nice of you to join us! We want to tell you about something that changed kurzgesagt forever. Kurzgesagt started out as a small-scale passion project. But creating animated science videos that are free for everyone doesn’t pay the bills – DAMN …
Safari Live - Day 125 | National Geographic
Now remember this, this is a hundred percent live, so this is unplanned. You never know what you’re gonna find on our live safaris! My name is Brittany Smith, and for the first time in about six months, I’m reunited with the wildebeest. So, very exciting …
Stripe Head of Design Katie Dill Reviews Startup Websites
I’m Ain Epstein and welcome to another episode of Design Review. Today, I’m going to be joined by Katie Dill, who is the Head of Design at Stripe, and we’re going to be taking a look at a bunch of user-submitted websites to give them feedback on how they …