🦾 Квантовые точки. Нобелевка по химии 2023 #новостинауки #физика #химия

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·Nov 3, 2024

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Нобелевская премия по химии за открытие и исследование квантовых точек — это лет телевизоры, это светодиодные лампы, медицинское оборудование.

Квантовые точки — это очень маленькие наноразмерные частицы из кристаллических полупроводников. Что важно на таких масштабах: при таких размерах их оптические свойства определяются их квантовыми состояниями и зависят от возникающих квантовых эффектов.

Крупные кристаллические полупроводники и нанокристаллы — это две большие разницы. Характеристики макро кристаллов будут определяться количеством электронов в элементе, но при уменьшении размера до считанных атомов на первый план выходят квантовые эффекты.

Изменяя размеры квантовых точек, можно менять их оптические свойства и цвет. Алексей Якимов получил первые квантовые точки из хлорида меди ещё в 1981 году.

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🦾 Квантовые точки. Нобелевка по химии 2023 #новостинауки #физика #химия

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